rakkude kontaktid rakuvälise maatriksi komponentidega, mille puhul on omavahel ühendatud plasmamembraani läbivad integriinid ja nendele vastavad maatriksis olevad ligandid, Focal adhesions (also cell–matrix adhesions or FAs) are large macromolecular assemblies through which mechanical force and regulatory signals are transmitted between the extracellular matrix (ECM) and an interacting cell. More precisely, focal adhesions are the sub-cellular structures that mediate the regulatory effects (i.e., signaling events) of a cell in response to ECM adhesion.