the maximum number of phases (P) that may coexist at equilibrium is two plus number of components (C) in the mixture, minus the number of degrees of freedom (F); P+F=C+2, maksimaalne tasakaalus kooseksisteerivate faaside arv (P) võrdub komponentide arv (C) pluss kaks, miinus vabadusastmete arv (F) ( P= C+2-F)