valumudeli ja valandi tardkahanemist arvesse võttev mõõtme erinevus (vt tardkahanemine), contraction allowance made on patterns to compensate for the decrease in dimensions as the solidified casting cools in the mold from the freezing temperature of the metal to room temperature; the pattern is made larger by the amount of contraction that is characteristic of the particular metal to be used (see: solid shrinkage)