a reserve that does not appear in the balance sheet, because it is hidden by an undervaluation of the assets or the overvaluation of the liabilities of the company. Such reserves are against the law., such reserves of an entity that are not seen by examination of the balance sheet. This may be due to the way the assets and liabilities have been presented or where the assets have been deliberately understated., actif dont la valeur comptable se situe bien en dessous de sa valeur réelle en raison de la méthode d'évaluation comptable employée ou par suite d'une action délibérée de la part de la direction