agriculture in which there is integrated management of trees or shrubs along with conventional crops or livestock, a practice that has been utilized for many years, particularly in developing countries, and is now widely promoted as a land-use approach that yields both wood products and crops. Trees and crops may be grown together on the same tract of land in various patterns and cycles. The trees may be planted around the perimeter of a small farm to provide fuelwood and to serve as a windbreak. The limbs and foliage may be removed periodically for livestock fodder. Trees also may be planted in rows that alternate with crops or they may be planted more densely with interplanting of crops until crown closure of the trees precludes further crop production. These practices are most extensively used as a part of subsistence agriculture, but their use in large-scale production systems is becoming more common., metsamajandussüsteem, mille puhul samal kasvukohal kasvatatakse peale puude ajutiselt ka põllukultuure