The importation of certain goods may be subject to both anti-dumping or anti-subsidy measures on the one hand and safeguard tariff measures on the other. The objectives of the former are to remedy market distortions created by unfair trading practices, whilst the objectives of the latter are to grant relief against greatly increased imports.
The most common form of UTPs (recognised in the surveys and inquiries mentioned above) results from ambiguous contract terms that make it possible to impose additional obligations on weaker contracting parties.
