generally, the considered cutting away of superfluous growth including roots from any plant, so as to improve its development, fruitfulness,etc.; more particularly, the considered removal, close to or flush with the stem, of side branches, live or dead, and of multiple leaders, from a standing, generally plantation-grown, tree, for the improvement of the tree or its timber, i.e.stem pruning, (puude, põõsaste) pügamine, kärpimine