science on the age conditions and positions among geological deposits (stratas); it is concerned not only with the original succession and age relations of rock strata but also with their form, distribution, lithologic composition, fossil content, geophysical and geochemical properties - indeed, with all characters and attributes of rock as strata and their interpretation in terms of environment or mode of origin and geologic history, geoloogia haru, mis käsitleb maakoort moodustavate kivimkehade vanuselist järjestust ja ruumilisi suhteid ning määrab nende suhtelise vanuse