A member of a group who deliberately does not make as much effort as other members because they perceive they will achieve the same outcome as a result of the efforts of others., Isik, kes taotluslikult ei panusta (töö) tegevusse sama palju kui teised grupi liikmed, kuna ta tajub, et saavutab soovitud lõpptulemuse ka teiste tehtava pingutuse arvelt.