benefitting from an animal at the expense of the animal's well-being
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X kasutab Y-t, kui X tajub Y-t nagu vahendit oma /.../ heaolu suurendamiseks. Olukord muutub ekspluateerimiseks, kui X käitub tahtlikult viisil, mis on märkimisväärselt kahjulik Y-i heaolule, selleks, et X-i enda heaolu suurendada. „Märkimisväärse“ all pean siinkohal silmas tegevust, millel on eelnevalt teadaolevad tagajärjed, nagu Y-i eluea lühenemine, kahju Y-i tervisele, Y-i vabaduse piiramine, Y-i olemuse väärkohtlemine /.../, süstemaatiliselt Y-i potentsiaali tõkestamine /.../, ja Y-ile valu tekitamine või sundimine Y-t elama sellist elu, mida ta sugugi ei soovi /.../.
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X uses Y when X perceives Y as a means of furthering X’s own /.../ well-being. This turns into exploitation when X is willing to act in a way that is substantially detrimental to Y’s own well-being in order to further X’s own. By “substantial,” I mean that the action predictably carries consequences such as shortening Y’s life, damaging Y’s health, limiting Y’s freedom, abusing what Y is /.../, systematically thwarting Y’s potential /.../, and subjecting Y to pain or to a strongly undesired life /.../.
Et /.../ loomade kasutamine poleks ekspluateeriv, peab loom olema positsioonis, mis võimaldab selgelt väljendada, et ta naudib seda tegevust, et see stimulatsioon ja kontakt on talle hüvanguks, ja et see töö pole hind, mida ta peab tasuma saamaks armastust, heakskiitu, maiuseid, ja hoolt, mis talle ette nähtud (ja mida ta vajab). Töö peab olema tasakaalustatud rohke puhkeajaga, mil koerad tegelevad teiste tegevustega ning sotsialiseeruvad oma inimestest ja koertest sõpradega. Teisisõnu, koertel (ja teistel töötavatel loomadel) peaksid olema inimestest kodanikega võrdsed võimalused kontrollida tingimusi, kuidas nad ühiskonda panustavad, ja järgida oma kalduvusi selles osas, kuidas oma elu elada ja kellega aega veeta.
For /.../ use to be nonexploitative, the animal must be in a position to give a clear indication that they enjoy the activity, that they thrive on the stimulation and contact, and that the work is not a price they need to pay to receive the love, approval, treats, and care that are their due (and need). Work must be balanced with lots of down time in which dogs engage in other activities and socialize with their human and dog friends. In other words, dogs (and other working animals) should have the same opportunity human citizens have to control the conditions under which they contribute to society, and to follow their own inclinations in terms of how they live their lives, and with whom they spend time.
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