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Michelsoni interferentsimõõtur

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Terminological databases

Engineering, Manufacturing and Construction

Metroloogia terminibaas

ID 1200277 Last modified 07.11.2026
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Domain metrologymeasuring instruments
  • Albert Abraham Michelsoni 1887. a disainitud seade, mis tekitab valguse interferentsipildi olukorras, kus valgusallikas jagatakse kiirejaguri abil kaheks haruks ja need mõlemad valguskiired peegelduvad tagasi kiirejaguri poole, mis seejärel ühendab nende amplituudid superpositsiooniprintsiibi abil ning saadud interferentsipilt suunatakse tavaliselt mingit tüüpi fotoelektrilisele detektorile või kaamerale
  • device designed by Albert Abraham Michelson in 1887 that produces an optical interference pattern; in this setup, a light source is split into two paths by a beamsplitter, and both light beams are reflected back toward the beamsplitter, which then combines their amplitudes according to the principle of superposition, with the resulting interference pattern typically being directed onto some type of photoelectric detector or camera
Michelsoni interferentsimõõtur
Usage examples
  • Michelsoni interferentsimõõturi erinevate rakenduste puhul võivad kaks valgusrada olla erineva pikkusega või sisaldada optilisi elemente või isegi uuritavaid materjale, mille tõttu kasutatakse seda mõõturit paljudes teaduslikes katsetes. 2015. a tehti Michelsoni interferentsimõõturil põhineva seadmega LIGO esimene gravitatsioonilainete otsene vaatlus. See vaatlus kinnitas üht üldrelatiivsusteooria olulist ennustust, tõestades teooria väidet aegruumi moonutuste kohta suuremõõtmeliste kosmiliste sündmuste korral.
Michelson interferometer
Usage examples
  • In various applications of the Michelson interferometer, the two light paths may differ in length or contain optical elements - or even materials under investigation - which is why this instrument is used in many scientific experiments. In 2015, the first direct observation of gravitational waves was made using LIGO, a device based on the Michelson interferometer. This observation confirmed a significant prediction of the general theory of relativity, validating the theory's claim regarding distortions in spacetime during large-scale cosmic events.

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