lihtsaima ehitusega monokarboksüülhape, terava lõhnaga värvusetu vedelik; st° 8,25 °C, kt° 100,7 °C
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Tekib käärimisprotsessis coli-aerogenes-rühma bakterite elutegevuses heterofermentatiivsel piimhapekäärimisel, mõne bakteri elutegevuses ka etanool-atsetoonkäärimisel. Seguneb igasuguses vahekorras vee, etüüleetri ja etanooliga, õhuga moodustab plahvatava segu. Metaanhappel on redutseeriv ja bakteritsiidne toime; teda sisaldub kuuseokastes, nõgestes ja putukate (eriti sipelgate ja mesilaste) eritistes ning toodetakse ka sünteetiliselt. Metaanhapet tarvitatakse loodusliku lateksi koaguleerimiseks, söövitusvahendi ja redutseerijana (tekstiili-, naha- ja paberitööstuses), konservandi ja desinfitseerimisvahendina (põllumajanduses ja toiduainetööstuses) ning lahustite ja ravimite tootmiseks.
a colourless liquid which fumes slightly and has a penetrating odour; m.p. 8.4°C, b.p. 100.5°C
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Occurs in sweat and urine, and in stinging nettles. Prepared by heating oxalic acid with glycerol, when formic acid distils off. Manufactured by decomposing sodium methanoate, from the reaction of carbon monoxide and sodium hydroxide, with sulphuric acid; also made by the hydrolysis of methyl methanoate obtained by reacting carbon monoxide with methanol. It is used in textile dyeing and finishing, in leather tanning and as an intermediate for other chemicals. It is a good solvent for many organic and inorganic compounds and is a strong acid.
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