valutehnoloogias kasutamiseks sobivate omadustega liiv vormi- või kärnisegude valmistamiseks; enamkasutatavad on kvartsliiv ning mineraalide oliviin, tsirkoon, kromiit, alumiiniumoksiid jt peenestamisel saadud liivad, a granular material naturally or artificially produced by the disintegration or crushing of rocks or mineral deposits; in casting the term denotes an aggregate with an individual particle (grain) size of 0.06 - 2 mm in diameter, that is largely free of finer constituents, such as silt and clay, which are often present in natural sand deposits; the most commonly used foundry sand is silica; however, zircon, olivine, aluminum silicates, and other crushed ceramics are used for special applications