grafiidi moodustumine rauasulamite (peamiselt malmi) samuti nikli- jt sulamite struktuuris; grafiidi eraldumine võib toimuda nii sulametallist (vt primaargrafiit) kui kui ka termotöötlemisel (vt sekundaargrafiit), formation of graphite in iron or steel; primary graphitization refers to formation of graphite during solidification (see: primary graphite) and secondary graphitization formation during heat treatment (see: secondary graphite)