defect which has the effect of raising the profile in the region of the defect (as compared with where the profile would have been if there were no deviation), valmistamishälving, mille tagajärjel tekib etalonprofiili puudulikkus/hälve piirkonnas võrreldes sellega, kui profiil oleks olnud, kui kõrvalekallet/hälvet ei oleks