väga väike pinge mikrovoldi vahemikus, mis tekib takisti temperatuurimuutuste tõttu, ja on alalisvooluahelates kasutatavate madala oomilise väärtusega takistite ja eriti voolutundlike takistite puhul oluline, very small voltage in the microvolt range which is produced due to temperature variations across the resistor, and is an important consideration in the low ohmic value resistors used in DC circuits and in particular current sense resistors