the principle that all costs associated with the protection of the environment should be included in firms' production costs, 'internalization' - taking into account the cost of negative external economic effects (e.g. pollution, noise) of certain activities, often with the aim of having the producers of such effects pay for them, ettevõtteväliste kulude (nt keskkonnakahjustused või kulud, mida keegi teine peab kandma, et antud ettevõtte poolt rikutud loodust kasutada jms) muutmine tootmiskuludeks või antud ettevõtte kuludeks
