kitsamas tähenduses hõlmab piklikaju, silda ja keskaju, laiemas tähenduses kõiki arengulooliselt vanemaid osi (ka vaheaju, põhimikutuumi, haistmisaju), mida vastandatakse otsaju mantlile
in vertebrates, regions of the brain conforming to the organization of the spinal cord, as distinct from such suprasegmental structures such as the cerebral cortex and the cerebellum
The confirmatory examination shall start by a histopathological examination of the brainstem as laid down in the latest edition of the Manual, except where the material is autolysed or otherwise not suitable for examination by histopathology.
